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.And if such are found in our land at the beginning of the war, they shall bedetained, without injury to theirGenerated by ABC Amber LIT Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abclit.htmlbodies or goods, until information be received by us, or by our chiefjusticiar, how the merchants of our land found in the land at war with us aretreated; and if our men are safe there, the others shall be safe in our land.42.It shall be lawful in future for any one (excepting always thosePage 255ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.htmlimprisoned or outlawed in accordance with the law of the kingdom, and nativesof any country at war with us, and merchants, who shall be treated as is aboveprovided) to leave our kingdom and to return, safe and secure by land andwater, except for a short period in time of war, on grounds of publicpolicy reserving always the allegiance due to us.Hugh Fitz Chenenoir should not have to pay a death relief for Bellecotebecause the previous baron his stepson died without heirs.The land and titleshould have been a free gift from the king to the new baron.Chapter 35.43.If any one holding of some escheat the reversion of property to theState or to a lord on the owner s dying without legal heirs (such as the honorof Wallingford, Nottingham, Boulogne, Lancaster, or of other escheats whichare in our hands and are baronies) shall die, his heir shall give no otherrelief, and perform no other service to us than he would have done to thebaron, if that barony had been in the baron s hand; and we shall hold it inthe same manner in which the baron held it.Robin Locksley, Earl of Huntington probably had a hand in this petition.44.Men who dwell without the forest need not henceforth come before ourjusticiars of the forest upon a general summons, except those who areimpleaded (parties in a plea), or who have become sureties for any person orpersons attached for forest offenses.Chapter 10.Sir Arundel was more typical than we like to believe.45.We will appoint as justices, constables, sheriffs, or bailiffs onlysuch as know the law of the realm and mean to observe it well.The churchcan t have it all.See Chapter 35.46.All barons who have founded abbeys, concerning which they holdcharters from the kings ofEngland, or of which they have long-continued possession, shall have thewardship of them, when vacant, as they ought to have.Robin Locksley again.47.All forests that have been made such in our time shall forthwith bedisafforested; and a similar course shall be followed with regard toriver-banks that have been placed  in defense by us in our time.4 See above.48.All evil customs connected with forests and warrens, foresters andwarreners, sheriffs and their officers, river-banks and their wardens, shallimmediately be inquired into in each county by twelve sworn knights of thesame county chosen by the honest men of the same county, and shall, withinforty days of the said inquest, be utterly abolished, so as never to berestored, provided always that we previously have intimation thereof, or ourjusticiar, if we should not be in England.During the civil war of 1213-1215, John continued the honorable tradition oftaking hostages.InChapter 43 we saw how John sometimes treated his hostages dishonorably.49.We will immediately restore all hostages and charters delivered to usby Englishmen, as suretiesGenerated by ABC Amber LIT Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abclit.htmlof the peace or of faithful service.In Chapter 10 we saw briefly some of themercenaries specifically mentioned in the following petition.In Chapter 9 weencounter some of the problems resulting fromJohn s reliance upon mercenaries to fight his battles.In Chapter 4 I made oneof the raiders a relative of the specifically named mercenaries.50.We will entirely remove from their bailiwicks, the relations ofGerard Athee (so that in future they shall have no bailiwick in England);namely, Engelard of Cigogne, Peter, Guy, and Andrew of Chanceaux(or Chancell in a different translation), Guy of Cigogne, Geofrrey of Martignywith his brothers, PhilipMark with his brothers and his nephew Geoffrey, and the whole brood of thesame.See above.51.As soon as peace is restored, we will banish from the kingdom allPage 256ABC Amber Palm Converter, http://www.processtext.com/abcpalm.htmlforeign-born knights, cross-bowmen, Serjeants, and mercenary soldiers, whohave come with horses and arms to the kingdom s hurt.Again this addressesthose like Lady Resmiranda who have been dispossessed.This type of claim mustbe decided by 25 barons, the beginnings of a Parliament.52.If any one has been dispossessed or removed by us, without the legaljudgment of his peers, from his lands, castles, franchises, or from his right,we will immediately restore them to him; and if a dispute arise over this,then let it be decided by the five-and-twenty barons of whom mention is madebelow in the clause for securing the peace [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]